Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger argument of nonlocality without inequalities for mixed states

We generalize the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger nonlocality without inequalities argument to cover the case of arbitrary mixed statistical operators associated to three-qubits quantum systems. More precisely, we determine the radius of a ball (in the trace distance topology) surrounding the pure GHZ state and containing arbitrary mixed statistical operators which cannot be described by any local and realistic hidden variable model and which are, as a consequence, noncompletely separable. As a practical application, we focus on certain one-parameter classes of mixed states which are commonly considered in the experimental realization of the original GHZ argument and which result from imperfect preparations of the pure GHZ state. In these cases we determine for which values of the parameter controlling the noise a nonlocality argument can still be exhibited, despite the mixedness of the considered states. Moreover, the effect of the imperfect nature of measurement processes is discussed.Comment: 8 pages, RevTex; added references, corrected typo

Mixed state geometric phases, entangled systems, and local unitary transformations

The geometric phase for a pure quantal state undergoing an arbitrary evolution is a ``memory'' of the geometry of the path in the projective Hilbert space of the system. We find that Uhlmann's geometric phase for a mixed quantal state undergoing unitary evolution not only depends on the geometry of the path of the system alone but also on a constrained bi-local unitary evolution of the purified entangled state. We analyze this in general, illustrate it for the qubit case, and propose an experiment to test this effect. We also show that the mixed state geometric phase proposed recently in the context of interferometry requires uni-local transformations and is therefore essentially a property of the system alone.Comment: minor changes, journal reference adde

The Rise of Night Market in Polangui Albay: An Advantage to SMEs

Night market is one of the exciting trends in Polangui’s food system. It showcases the local culture and promotes the local food of the town. It also acts as an alternative for small medium business owners to sell their goods daily. It is considered as business incubators for the aspiring entrepreneurs since it only needs a small amount of capital to the start the business. There are five variables studied namely: vendor’s profile and characteristics, customers profile and characteristics, level of support from the Local Government Units (LGUs), competition among vendors, and the type of products and their prices. This paper identifies the advantages of the night market to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the town of Polangui. This research could also help to encourage other local business owners to use this as a platform to be successful in the business. It could be a great advantage to the vendors if they will join the night market in order for the locals and other people coming from neighborhood municipalities to taste the type of food and services that they offer and it may provide a benchmark for future studies. This exploratory study described the prospect of the night markets in the business environment and also explore the main intention to highlight the advantages of the night market activities to SMEs as the researcher adopted qualitative research approach. Overall results revealed that there are five contributing factors that benefit the entrepreneurs in the rise of night markets in Polangui, Albay that may help in attracting more customers to visit the night markets regularly namely: income generation, gaining confidence among the vendors, gain additional knowledge/skills through seminars, training's attended and workshops helping LGU promote tourism and collect taxes, and overall economic growth

Noncyclic mixed state phase in SU(2) polarimetry

We demonstrate that Pancharatnam's relative phase for mixed spin$-{1/2}$ states in noncyclic SU(2) evolution can be measured polarimetrically.Comment: References update, journal reference adde

Maximal violation of Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality for four-level systems

Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality for bipartite systems of 4-dimension is studied in detail by employing the unbiased eight-port beam splitters measurements. The uniform formulae for the maximum and minimum values of this inequality for such measurements are obtained. Based on these formulae, we show that an optimal non-maximally entangled state is about 6% more resistant to noise than the maximally entangled one. We also give the optimal state and the optimal angles which are important for experimental realization.Comment: 7 pages, three table

Dolor bilateral de muslo en paciente en tratamiento con bifosfonatos.

Los Bifosfonatos son utilizados para el tratamiento de osteoporosis en mujeres post menopáusicas. Sus efectos a largo plazo no están completamente establecidos, sin embargo, diversos estudios describen casos de fracturas por estrés o por traumatismos de baja energía a nivel femoral asociadas a tratamientos crónicos con alendronato. El tratamiento de estas fracturas no está completamente claro y persisten discusiones en cuanto a los beneficios del tratamiento médico conservador frente al tratamiento quirúrgico. Describimos el caso de una mujer de 61 años quien consulta por dolor en muslo bilateral de 2 años de evolución y tratamiento con alendronato desde hace más de 15 años. Las radiografías y RMN mostraban signos de fractura por estrés en ambas diáfisis femorales, con reacción cortical. En este caso se decidió tratamiento quirúrgico con enclavado endomedular bilateral.Bisphosphonates are used for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Long terms effects re - main unclear although several reports describe cases of proximal femur stress fractures or low energy fractures associated with long term alendronate use. However, it is unclear the treatment that require this kind of fractures, and there are discussions about the best decision between medical or surgical care strategy. We describe a case of a 61 years old woman with 2 years bilateral femoral pain and alendronate therapy for more than 15 years. Radio - graphs and MRI images showed bilateral femoral stress fractures and cortical bone reaction. In this case we decide surgical treatment whit bilateral intramedullary nailin